1. This cake is sweeter than that one. （这个蛋糕比那个更甜。）

2. She runs faster than her brother. （她跑得比她哥哥快。）

3. The second book is more interesting than the first. （第二本书比第一本更有趣。）

4. He is taller than his friend. （他比他的朋友更高。）

5. The movie was more exciting than I expected. （这部电影比我预期的更令人兴奋。）

6. She can sing better than her sister. （她唱得比她姐姐更好。）

7. The second problem is easier than the first. （第二个问题比第一个更容易。）

8. He finished his homework earlier than his classmate. （他比他的同学更早完成作业。）

9. The new phone is more powerful than the old one. （新手机比旧手机更强大。）

10. The second opinion is more reasonable than the first. （第二种观点比第一种更合理。）

11. She dances more gracefully than her colleague. （她比同事跳得更优雅。）

12. The second solution is more effective than the first. （第二种解决方案比第一种更有效。）

13. He learns faster than his peers. （他比同龄人学得更快。）

14. The second chapter is more engaging than the first. （第二章比第一章更吸引人。）

15. She can swim more confidently than before. （她游泳比以前更自信。）

16. The second attempt was more successful than the first. （第二次尝试比第一次更成功。）

这些句子通过使用比较级结构（如"more + 形容词/副词"），清晰地表达了两个事物之间的比较关系。