动词ing在英语中主要有以下几种句型结构:
一、动名词作主语
结构:
It is/was + 形容词 + doing sth.
例:It is good eating vegetables every day.(每天吃蔬菜是有好处的)
结构:
It is/was a waste of time/money doing sth.
例:It is a waste of time waiting in line.(排队是浪费时间)
结构:
It is/was no use doing sth.
例:It is no use crying over spilt milk.(为已洒的牛奶哭泣是没用的)
二、动名词作宾语
结构:
动词+ing(直接宾语)
动词短语+of doing sth.
例:
I enjoy reading books.(我喜欢读书)
The company is looking forward to launching the new product.(公司期待推出新产品)
结构:
介词+ing(如avoid, mind, look forward to等)
例:
I avoid making mistakes.(我尽量避免犯错误)
三、动名词作后置定语
结构:
名词+of doing sth.
例:
The problem of pollution is getting worse.(污染问题正在恶化)
四、现在分词短语作后置定语(表示主动)
结构:
名词+doing(主动关系)
例:
The students who passed the exam are celebrating.(通过考试的学生正在庆祝)
五、现在分词短语作状语
表示原因:
例:
Seeing the movie inspired me to write a letter.(看到电影启发我写了一封信)
表示伴随:
例:
While reading, I found the book very interesting.(阅读时我发现这本书非常有趣)
六、现在分词完成式作后置定语(表示被动)
结构:
名词+having been done(被动关系)
例:
The cake with a hole in the center was delicious.(中间有洞的蛋糕很好吃)
七、过去分词短语作后置定语(表示完成)
结构:
名词+having been done(被动关系)
例:
The letter signed by the CEO was forwarded to the team.(由CEO签名的信被转发给团队)
八、独立主格结构
结构:
There+be+形容词+doing sth.
例:
There is no harm in studying hard.(努力学习没有坏处)
以上是动词ing在英语中的主要句型结构,涵盖动名词作主语、宾语、定语及状语,以及独立主格结构等用法。