情态动词后面必须接动词原形,这是英语语法的基本规则。以下是具体说明:
一、基本规则
接动词原形
情态动词(如can, may, must等)后需接动词原形,例如:
- She canswim.(她会游泳)
- They mustfinish the task.(他们必须完成任务)
否定式构成
在情态动词后加 not表示否定,例如:
- He cannotswim.(他不会游泳)
时态变化
部分情态动词有过去式(如could用于委婉语气),例如:
- I couldhelp you yesterday.(我昨天能帮你)
二、常见情态动词用法
| 情态动词 | 含义 | 示例 |
|----------|------|------|
| can | 能力/可能性 | I can speakthree languages. |
| could | 过去能力/可能性 | The letter couldhave arrived by now. |
| may | 可以/允许 | You mayuse my phone. |
| might | 可能 | It mightrain tomorrow. |
| must | 必须 | You muststop at a red light. |
| need | 需要 | I needhelp with my homework. |
| ought to | 应该 | You ought toapologize. |
| shall | 将要 | We shallmeet at 6 PM. |
| will | 将来 | I willcall you later. |
| would | 过去将来 | The meeting wouldstart at 9 AM. |
三、注意事项
无人称和数变化
情态动词无人称、数的变化,第三人称单数不加 -s,例如:
- He canswim.
- She mustfinish her homework.
非谓语动词禁忌
情态动词后不能接不定式、现在分词等非谓语动词,例如:
- *This man could heal all diseases.*(错误)
- 正确:*This man canheal all diseases.*
特殊用法
- ought to表示义务或责任,如:
- You ought tobe more careful.
- shall在第二、三人称中用于提出建议,如:
- You shalltry this dessert.
通过以上规则和示例,可系统掌握情态动词的用法。若需进一步练习,建议结合例句进行翻译和造句。