关于“make sb do”和“make sb to do”的区别,综合权威资料整理如下:
一、正确用法与结构
主动语态
正确结构为:
$$\text{make sb do sth}$$
意为“让某人做某事”,例如:
- The teacher made the students write an essay.(老师让学生写作文)
被动语态
正确结构为:
$$\text{sb be made to do sth}$$
例如:
- The task was made to be finished by Friday.(任务被要求在周五前完成)
二、错误用法说明
主动语态中加to
$$\text{make sb to do sth}$$
是错误的表达,不符合英语语法规范。 *错误示例*:
The manager made him to call the client.
*正确表达*:
The manager made him call the client.
被动语态中省略to
尝试使用主动语态结构:
$$\text{sb be made do sth}$$
也是错误的,被动语态必须保留to。 *错误示例*:
The letter was made do by the postman.
*正确表达*:
The letter was made to be delivered by the postman.
三、补充说明
延续性动词与短暂性动词
延续性动词(如work, study):
$$\text{make sb do sth}$$
例如:
The project was made to last three months.(项目被要求持续三个月)
短暂性动词(如open, close):
通常与"have/see sb do"搭配,例如:
The meeting was made to start at 9 AM.(会议被安排在上午9点开始)
四、常见误区
部分人误认为“make sb to do”是主动语态的省略形式,但实际这是被动语态的必要结构。建议通过以下口诀记忆:
主动:make sb do
被动:make sb to do
综上,正确表达应为:
主动:make sb do sth
被动:sb be made to do sth