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分词作状语

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一、分词作状语

表示时间

- The meeting started as soon asthe CEO arrived.

(会议一听到CEO到达就开始。)

表示原因

- The project was delayed because ofthe bad weather.

(项目因恶劣天气而延误。)

表示伴随状况

- She walked whilereading a book.

(她边读书边走。)

省略从句

- The letter which/thatthe company sent arrived yesterday.

(公司寄来的信昨天到了。)→ The letter sent by the company arrived yesterday.

(主句主语与从句主语一致时,可省略从句主语)

二、分词作表语

现在分词表主动/性质

- The cake bakingin the oven smells delicious.

(烤箱里烤蛋糕的香味很香。)

过去分词表被动/完成

- The movie releasedlast year was a box office hit.

(去年上映的电影大获成功。)

三、分词作定语

现在分词作定语

- The runningman over there is my friend.

(那边跑的那个人是我的朋友。)

过去分词作定语

- The brokenwindow needs to be repaired.

(破碎的窗户需要修理。)

注意事项

主动/被动关系:

主谓关系用现在分词(如 eating),动宾/被动关系用过去分词(如 eaten)。

逻辑主语一致:分词作状语时,其逻辑主语通常与主句主语一致。

省略规则:当从句主语与主句主语一致且谓语为be动词时,可省略从句(如 He passed the exam, which surprised everyoneHe passed the exam, surprising everyone)。

通过以上结构,分词在句子中可灵活承担不同语法功能,增强表达的简洁性与准确性。