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非限制性定语从句的引导词有哪些?

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非限制性定语从句的引导词主要包括以下几类:

一、关系代词

who

用于指代人,并在从句中作主语(如:This is the man whocalled you last night.)。

whom

用于指代人,并在从句中作宾语(如:Tom is the friend whomI met yesterday.)。

which

用于指代物,并在从句中作主语或宾语(如:This is the book whichyou borrowed from the library.)。

whose

用于指代人或物,作定语(如:The girl whosecat is sleeping on the sofa is my neighbor.)。

as

可用于指代前面提到的整个主句内容(如:As I was leaving, the meeting started.)。

二、关系副词

when

引导定语从句时,先行词为时间名词(如:This song reminds me of the day whenwe first met.)。

where

引导定语从句时,先行词为地点名词(如:The park wherewe had our picnic is beautiful.)。

三、注意事项

that 不可引导非限制性定语从句

无论先行词是人还是物,非限制性定语从句均需用上述关系代词或副词引导,不能用that。

关系代词作宾语时的省略规则

- 指人时只能用whom,不能省略(如:Tom likes the movie whomhe watched last night.)。

- 指物时which不可省略(如:This is the car whichis parked outside.)。

特殊结构

- 介词+关系代词:

如 in which(相当于where)。

- 关系副词独立主格结构:如 The meeting started, as I was leaving.(非限制性定语从句)。

四、典型错误示例

错误:Tom, which we talked about, is my friend.

正确:

Tom, about whomwe talked, is my friend.

通过以上分类和规则,可以系统掌握非限制性定语从句的引导词用法。