关于“there be”句型后跟非谓语动词的用法,综合权威资料整理如下:
一、基本结构与分类
there to be结构 用于正式文体,表示将来的动作或状态,作主语时需用it作形式主语。例如:
> It's important for us to protect the environment.
(保护环境对我们很重要)
there being结构
用动词-ing形式,可作介词宾语或状语,表示主动或被动关系。例如:
- 作介词宾语:
> The meeting was postponed due to the heavy traffic.
(因交通堵塞,会议被推迟)
- 作状语:
> With the project completed, we can start the marketing.
(项目完成后,我们可以开始营销)
二、常见用法示例
现在分词(-ing形式)
表示主动或进行状态,例如:
> There are students playing basketball on the playground.
(操场上有学生正在打篮球)
> The company is launching a new product next month.
(公司下月推出新产品)
过去分词(-ed形式)
表示被动或完成状态,例如:
> The homework was done by the students last night.
(作业被学生昨晚完成)
> The cake was baked by my grandmother.
(蛋糕被我奶奶烤的)
不定式(to do形式)
用于there to be结构,表示将来动作,例如:
> There is a meeting scheduled for 3 PM.
(下午3点有会议安排)
三、注意事项
时态与逻辑主语一致: 非谓语动词需与be动词的时态和逻辑主语保持一致。例如: > There will be a celebration tonight.(将来时) > There has been a change in the plan.(现在完成时) 避免混淆
动名词(doing)表示主动且持续的动作,如:
> There is nothing to do.(无事可做)
不定式(to do)表示将来或目的,如:
> There is something to do.(有事要做)
通过以上分类与示例,可系统掌握“there be”句型中非谓语动词的用法。