关于“must”的疑问句用法,综合权威资料整理如下:
一、基本用法
结构 must 引导的一般疑问句采用“must + 动词原型”结构,表示对说话人主观上的猜测或义务。例如:
- *Must she call you back?*(她必须给你回电话吗?)
肯定回答
肯定回答必须用 must,例如:
- *Must I finish my homework before 8 PM?*
- Yes, you must
否定回答
否定回答需用 needn't(不必)或 don't have to(不需要), mustn't(禁止)不用于否定回答。例如:
- *Must I attend the meeting?*
- No, you needn't
- *Must you stop here?*
- No, you don't have to
二、特殊用法
反义疑问句
- 表示禁止(如mustn't):
- *You mustn't smoke in here.*
- Must you?(禁止性反义疑问句)
- 表示义务(如must):
- *They must finish the task.*
- Needn't they?(义务性反义疑问句)
否定推测
当must表示对过去动作的否定推测时,需用 can't have done,例如:
- *He can't have finished the project.*
- He didn't know the deadline, did he?(他不可能完成项目)
三、注意事项
避免混淆: mustn't 表示“禁止”,而 needn't
*You mustn't drive without a license.*(禁止无证驾驶)
*You needn't worry about the small mistake.*(不必担心小错误)
与其他情态动词对比:
must 的疑问句与 may 的疑问句回答相反。例如:
*May I use your phone?*
- Yes, you may. / No, you mustn't
通过以上规则,可系统掌握must在疑问句中的用法。