丫丫文案网—你身边的文案专家

丫丫文案网—你身边的文案专家

七大语法和八大时态例子?

59

一、七大语法范畴

主谓一致

- 主语为单数时,谓语动词用单数形式:

*The cat issleeping.*

- 主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式:

*The cats aresleeping.*

名词复数形式

- 一般规则:直接加 -s(如books, dogs)

- 特殊变化:以s, x, z, ch, sh结尾加 -es(如boxes, watches)

形容词和副词

- 形容词修饰名词:

*She is a beautifulgirl.*

- 副词修饰动词/形容词:

*He runs quickly.*

代词

- 代替名词:

*I amgoing to the park. Heis going too.*

- 关系代词:

*This is the book thatTom is reading.*

介词

- 表示时间/地点:

*The book is onthe table.*

*We'll meet at 6 PM.*

宾语和宾语补足语

- 直接宾语:

*She gave hima gift.*

- 宾语补足语:

*The company is runby Mr. Smith.*

从句( subordinate clauses)

- 时间状语从句:

*I will call you when I arrive.*

- 条件状语从句:

*If it rains, we will stay at home.*

二、八大时态

一般现在时

- 表示经常性、习惯性动作或客观真理:

*She eatsbreakfast at 7 AM.*

*The sun risesin the east.*

一般过去时

- 表示过去某个时间点的动作:

*He playedfootball yesterday.*

*We visitedthe museum last month.*

现在进行时

- 表示当前正在进行的动作:

*They are watchinga movie right now.*

*She is writinga letter.*

过去进行时

- 表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作:

*I wasstudying when the phone rang.*

*He wascooking dinner when the power went out.*

现在完成时

- 表示过去动作对现在的影响:

*She has finishedher homework.*

*They have livedin this city for five years.*

过去完成时

- 表示过去某一时间前已完成的动作:

*By the time we arrived, the meeting had started.*

*He had finishedhis project before the deadline.*

一般将来时

- 表示将来要发生的动作:

*I will callyou tomorrow.*

*They are planningto travel next summer.*

过去将来时

- 表示从过去的角度看将要发生的动作:

*He would callyou if he arrived on time.*

*We would havefinished the task by now.*

三、补充说明

时态构成:

现在时:主语+be动词(am/is/are)+动词原形

过去时:主语+be动词(was/were)+过去分词

将来时:主语+will/shall+动词原形

特殊时态

现在完成进行时(如:She has been workingfor three hours)

过去完成进行时(如:He had been waitingwhen