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英语疑问句中

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在英语疑问句中,be动词(am/is/are)和助动词do/did的选用取决于句子的谓语动词类型。以下是详细说明:

一、be动词(am/is/are)的用法

与状态动词连用

当谓语动词为表示状态、身份、职业、性格、健康等状态的动词时,需用be动词提问。例如:

- Are you a teacher?(职业状态)

- Is he feeling better now?(健康状态)

- Were you at the party last night?(过去状态)

与进行时态连用

表示正在进行的动作时,be动词需与现在分词(-ing)连用。例如:

- Is she reading a book right now?(现在进行时)

- Were they playing soccer last weekend?(过去进行时)

特殊结构

在某些特殊结构中,be动词可提前构成疑问句,如:

- This is a beautiful painting. → Is this a beautiful painting?(系表结构)

二、助动词do/did的用法

与实义动词连用

当谓语动词为表示行为、动作的实义动词时,需用do(第三人称单数用does)提问。例如:

- Do you like ice cream?(行为动词)

- Did you call him last night?(过去行为)

否定句和强调句

- 否定句需借助do/did,例如:

- I do not (don't) like coffee.(一般现在时否定)

- She did not (didn't) finish the task.(一般过去时否定)

- 强调句型为:

- It is/was + 被动语态 + that + 主语 + 动词原形,例如:

- It was he who called you last night.(强调主语)

三、注意事项

语境判断:

若谓语动词为“be+形容词/动名词”结构,优先使用be动词提问;若为实义动词,则使用do/did。

缩写形式:在口语或非正式写作中,do/did可缩写为did,例如:

Did you call him last night? → Did you call him last night?(完全正确)

通过以上规则,可系统掌握英语疑问句中be动词与助动词的搭配用法。